My boss paid me two thousand dollars
Me= pronoun as indirect object
Two thousand dollars= noun phrase as direct object
He discovered information that creating website is quite easy.
Information= noun as indirect object
That creating website is quite easy= noun clause as direct object.
I stopped for the child to cross the street.
the child= noun as indirect object
To cross the street= infinitive as direct object
Affermative Agreement & Negative Agreement
AFFIRMATIVE AGREEMENT
DEFINISI : Affirmative agreement merupakan (kesesuaian) yang
digunakan ketika seseorang
melakukan sesuatu dan menambahkan bahwa ada orang lain yang melakukan
sesuatu yang sama
JENIS : Ada dua jenis affirmative agreement
Positif : yaitu kata "and" dan "so"
Negative : yaitu kata "either" dan
"neither"
Kali ini pembahasan saya hanya mengenai affirmative
agreement jenis positive :)
Ada 3 model
pembahasan :
I. When a form of the
verb BE is used in the main clause, the same tense of the verb Be is used in
the simple statement that follows. Look at the following formula:
affirmative statement (be) + and + (subject + verb (be) +
too
so +verb (be) + subject.
· Iam happy,
and you are too.
· I am happy,
and so are you.
II. When a compound verb (auxiliary + verb) for example,
will go, should do, has done, have written, must examine, etc, occurs in the
main clause, the auxiliary of the main
verb is used in the simple statement, and the subject and verb must agree.
(Apabila dalam kalimat utama terdapat will go, should do, has done, have
written, must examine, maka auxiliary dari kalimat utama digunakan dalam bentuk
simple statement begitu juga dengan subject dan kata kerjanya).
· affirmative
statement (compound verb) + and +
{subject + auxiliary only + too}
They will work in the lab tomorrow, and you will too.
· affirmative
statement (compount verb) + and + {so + auxiliary only + subject).
They will work in the lab tomorrow, and so will you.
III. When any verb except be appears without any auxiliaries
in the main clause, the auxiliary do, does or did is used in the simple
statement. The subject and verb must agree and the tense must be the same.
(Apabila pada kalimat utama ada kata kerja apa saja (kecuali be) muncul tanpa
auxiliary, maka auxiliary do, does ordid harus digunakan – pokok dan kata kerjanya harus diselaraskan
sesuai dengan waktu yang digunakan).
· affirmative
statement (single verb except be) + and + {subject + do, does or did + too
Jane goes to that school, and my sister does too.
· affirmative
statement (single verb except be) + and + {so + do, does or did + subject).
Jane goes to that school, and so does my sister.
Additional examples:
· John went to
the mountains on his vacation, and we did too.
· John went to
the mountains on his vacation, and so did we
· I will be in
New Mexico in August, and they will too.
· I will be in
New Mexico in August, and so will they.
· He has seen
her plays, and the girls have too.
· He has seen
her plays, and so have the girls.
· We are going
to the movies tonight, and Suzy is too.
· We are going
to the movies tonight, and so is Suzy
· She will
wear a costume to the party, and we will too.
She will wear a contume to the party, and so will we
Negative Agreement
Hampir sama dengan
penjelasan affirmative agreement di atas, neither dan either memiliki arti yang
sama yaitu: tidak keduanya, atau kedua-duanya tidak.
Untuk neither
digunakan sebelum auxilliary verb, for example:
1. My roommate won't go, and neither will I
2. My roommate hasn't gone, and neither have I
3. My roommate doesn't go, and neither do I
4. My roommate isn't going, and neither am I
Dan untuk either digunakan setelah auxilliary verb dan kata
"not", for example:
1. My roommate won't go, and I won't(will not) either
2. My roommate hasn't gone, and I haven't either
3. My roommate doesn't go, and I don't either
4. My roommate isn't going, and I am not either
Hal lain yang harus diperhatikan yaitu untuk pemakaian tobe
dan auxilliaries setelah kata "..and.." harus sesuai dengan tobe dan
auxilliaries yang digunakan di awal kalimat, seperti :
My wife is talking about it, and so am I
My roommate doesn't go, and I don't either
Contoh kalimat lainnya:
1. The manager
isn’t too happy with the project, and neither is his assistant.
2. We can’t study
in the library, and he can’t either.
3. You didn’t pay
the taxes, and they didn’t either.
“Either” and “neither” function in simple statements much
like “so” and “too” in affirmative sentences. However, either and neither are
used to indicate negative agreement. The same rules for auxiliaries, be and do,
does, or did apply.
Negative statement +
and + [ S + negative auxiliary or be + either]
Negative statement +
and + [ neither + positive auxiliary or be + S ]
Examples:
I didn’t see Bella
this morning. Edward didn’t see Bella this morning
I didn’t see Bella
this morning and Edward didn’t either.
I didn’t see Bella
this morning and neither did Edward.
Additional examples:
1. The children
shouldn’t take that medicine, and neither should she.
2. We don’t plan to
attend the concert, and neither do they.
3. I don’t like tennis,
and he doesn’t either.
