verbs as complements, affermative agreement & negative agreement

 Verb as Complements

Complement memiliki definisi sebagai kata atau kelompok kata yang melengkapi makna dari subject, verb atau object. Itu menjadi sebuah alasan kuat mengapa complement terbagi menjadi tiga jenis yang di antaranya adalah subject complement, verb complement, dan object complement.

Untuk membedakan verb biasa dengan verb complement, Anda bisa melihat dari komponen yang membentuknya. Jika dalam verb, Anda hanya bisa menemukan kata kerja saja. Namun, di dalam verb complement, komponen yang akan membentuknya lebih banyak sehingga terkesan lebih rumit. Verb complement adalah direct object atau indirect object dari suatu action verb. Objecknya ini bisa terdiri dari noun, pronoun, atau komponen lainnya yang berperan sebagai noun, seperti gerund, infinitive dan noun clause.

Selain itu, dalam sebuah kalimat sebuah verb itu sangat dibutuhkan dan akan membentuk kalimat yang sempurna. Sedangkan verb complement tidak semua kalimat membutuhkannya.

Contoh verb complemen :

My boss paid me two thousand dollars
Me= pronoun as indirect object
Two thousand dollars= noun phrase as direct object

He discovered information that creating website is quite easy.
Information= noun as indirect object
That creating website is quite easy= noun clause as direct object.

I stopped for the child to cross the street.
the child= noun as indirect object
To cross the street= infinitive as direct object

Affermative Agreement & Negative Agreement

AFFIRMATIVE AGREEMENT

DEFINISI : Affirmative agreement merupakan (kesesuaian) yang digunakan ketika seseorang       melakukan sesuatu dan menambahkan bahwa ada orang lain yang melakukan sesuatu yang sama

JENIS : Ada dua jenis affirmative agreement

Positif : yaitu kata "and" dan  "so"

Negative : yaitu kata "either" dan "neither"

Kali ini pembahasan saya hanya mengenai affirmative agreement jenis positive :)

 Ada 3 model pembahasan :

I.  When a form of the verb BE is used in the main clause, the same tense of the verb Be is used in the simple statement that follows. Look at the following formula:

affirmative statement (be) + and + (subject + verb (be) + too

so +verb (be) + subject.

·         Iam happy, and you are too.

·         I am happy, and so are you.

II. When a compound verb (auxiliary + verb) for example, will go, should do, has done, have written, must examine, etc, occurs in the main clause, the auxiliary of  the main verb is used in the simple statement, and the subject and verb must agree. (Apabila dalam kalimat utama terdapat will go, should do, has done, have written, must examine, maka auxiliary dari kalimat utama digunakan dalam bentuk simple statement begitu juga dengan subject dan kata kerjanya).

·         affirmative statement (compound verb) + and +  {subject + auxiliary only + too}

They will work in the lab tomorrow, and you will too.

·         affirmative statement (compount verb) + and + {so + auxiliary only + subject).

They will work in the lab tomorrow, and so will you.

III. When any verb except be appears without any auxiliaries in the main clause, the auxiliary do, does or did is used in the simple statement. The subject and verb must agree and the tense must be the same. (Apabila pada kalimat utama ada kata kerja apa saja (kecuali be) muncul tanpa auxiliary, maka auxiliary do, does ordid harus digunakan –  pokok dan kata kerjanya harus diselaraskan sesuai dengan waktu yang digunakan).

·         affirmative statement (single verb except be) + and + {subject + do, does or did + too

Jane goes to that school, and my sister does too.

·         affirmative statement (single verb except be) + and + {so + do, does or did + subject).

Jane goes to that school, and so does my sister.

Additional examples:

·         John went to the mountains on his vacation, and we did too.

·         John went to the mountains on his vacation, and so did we

·         I will be in New Mexico in August, and they will too.

·         I will be in New Mexico in August, and so will they.

·         He has seen her plays, and the girls have too.

·         He has seen her plays, and so have the girls.

·         We are going to the movies tonight, and Suzy is too.

·         We are going to the movies tonight, and so is Suzy

·         She will wear a costume to the party, and we will too.

She will wear a contume to the party, and so will we

Negative Agreement

 Hampir sama dengan penjelasan affirmative agreement di atas, neither dan either memiliki arti yang sama yaitu: tidak keduanya, atau kedua-duanya tidak.

 Untuk neither digunakan sebelum auxilliary verb, for example:

1. My roommate won't go, and neither will I

2. My roommate hasn't gone, and neither have I

3. My roommate doesn't go, and neither do I

4. My roommate isn't going, and neither am I

Dan untuk either digunakan setelah auxilliary verb dan kata "not", for example:

1. My roommate won't go, and I won't(will not) either

2. My roommate hasn't gone, and I haven't either

3. My roommate doesn't go, and I don't either

4. My roommate isn't going, and I am not either

Hal lain yang harus diperhatikan yaitu untuk pemakaian tobe dan auxilliaries setelah kata "..and.." harus sesuai dengan tobe dan auxilliaries yang digunakan di awal kalimat, seperti :

My wife is talking about it, and so am I

My roommate doesn't go, and I don't either

Contoh kalimat lainnya:

1.      The manager isn’t too happy with the project, and neither is his assistant.

2.      We can’t study in the library, and he can’t either.

3.      You didn’t pay the taxes, and they didn’t either.

“Either” and “neither” function in simple statements much like “so” and “too” in affirmative sentences. However, either and neither are used to indicate negative agreement. The same rules for auxiliaries, be and do, does, or did apply.

 Negative statement + and + [ S + negative auxiliary or be + either]

 Negative statement + and + [ neither + positive auxiliary or be + S ]

 Examples:

 I didn’t see Bella this morning. Edward didn’t see Bella this morning

 I didn’t see Bella this morning and Edward didn’t either.

 I didn’t see Bella this morning and neither did Edward.

 Additional examples:

 1. The children shouldn’t take that medicine, and neither should she.

 2. We don’t plan to attend the concert, and neither do they.

 3. I don’t like tennis, and he doesn’t either.

sumber :
https://www.ef.co.id/englishfirst/englishstudy/belajar-bahasa-inggris-dari-verb-complement.aspx
http://siidiqi.blogspot.co.id/2015/04/affirmative-dan-negative-agreement.html